Friday, November 30, 2012

 

General Quationaire (PDF)




Click on the link below for the PDF.


GENERAL QUESTIONAIRE


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Tuesday, November 6, 2012

 

Instrumentation Questions for Freshers - 2






1. Briefly explain the different methods of level measurement?
There are two ways of measuring level:
1.   Direct
.   Indirect
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Wednesday, October 17, 2012

 

Instrumentation Earthing System






Instrument earthing system shall consist of the following earth type:
-         Electrical earthing (also called dirty earthing or Protective Earthing (PE))
-         Instrument earthing (also called Reference Earth (RE))
-         Intrinsically safe earthing

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Monday, October 15, 2012

 

TWO SOV SCHEME


TWO SOV SCHEMATIC (See Scheme Below)

Two sov’s are used in order to have redundant air supply arrangement to valve. Now consider following cases:
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Saturday, October 13, 2012

 

HART Communication

HART - Highway Addressable Remote TransducerProtocol



is an early implementation of Fieldbus, a digital industrial automation protocol. Its most notable advantage is that it can communicate over legacy 4-20 mA analog instrumentation wiring, sharing the pair of wires used by the older system.


Important Points to Consider
  1. Regardless of the age or capability of your control, safety or asset management system, HART technology can provide additional information to help extend time between shutdowns, lower maintenance cost and improve process performance.
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Friday, October 12, 2012

 

Integrated DCS and SIS or Isolated Systems

|| Found it worth Sharing ||
ISA- InTech Article




My Conclusion-

Which systems are better?

The original separate Safety Instrumented Systems where the logic solver is totally different or the integrated version, where the same system has two different kinds of controllers/logic solvers-one type for the BPCS and another type for the SIS?

Note that the integrated SIS DCS does not imply that it is one common system, it is just integrated for ease of use an convenience.

Thus the configuration software may have different types of logic blocks, some meant exclusively for use in safety functions, whereas other can be used in the normal BPCS functions. If the logic solvers/ controllers need to communicate with other logic solvers, then it has to be over a "safety bus".

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Thursday, October 11, 2012

 

Article - Wired vs. wireless in utility markets

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My Conclusion-
In short, it is my personal opinion that wireless technology be used as a last resort. There is nothing more annoying than fighting with your wi-fi equipment because you suddenly lost your signal when you were trying to put in a last second bid on ebay, or check an important email before you walk out the door or lost communication due to bad weather etc. 

Speed, Security and reliability will be never better with wireless signals that over the wire.

Source - ISA InTech

Addressing the ongoing debate of wired vs. wireless technologies for communication networks in the utility industry, while examining current market trends such as copper theft

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Wednesday, October 10, 2012

 

NEMA vs IP





NEMA defines standards for various grades of electrical enclosures typically used in industrial applications. Each is rated to protect against designated environmental conditions. A typical NEMA enclosure might be rated to provide protection against environmental hazards such aswater, dust, oil or coolant or atmospheres containing corrosive agents such as acetylene or gasoline.
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Friday, July 27, 2012

 

Mechanical Maintenance Common Questions

EPC School 2012

M for Mechanical


Topic - Maintenance


1. What is meant by LLF and why it is being carried out for machine monitoring  ?
2.  What is difference between preventive maintenance and condition based maintenance Programs ?
3. How will you check correct direction of NRV, while installing?
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Thursday, July 19, 2012

 

Mechanical (Static) Common Questions -1

EPC-School 2012

M for Mechanical

Topic- Static


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Sunday, July 15, 2012

 

Foundation Field-bus Refresher Questionaire

EPC School Series 2012 Series 

I for Instrumentation

Chance to Win An Ipad 2: 

Answer all the Qustions in the quiz below and you can win an Ipad2. Best of Luck!!!
                            (Winner will be announced on 31 July, 2012)




Foundation Fieldbus
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Friday, July 13, 2012

 

Mechanical (Rotary) Common Questions -8

EPC-School 2012

M for Mechanical  




Topic - Balancing & Alignment

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Mechanical (Rotary) Common Questions -7

EPC-School 2012

M for Mechanical 


Topic - Condition Monitoring


1. What are the various maintenance approaches for rotating equipment?
2. Define vibration and what are its units?
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Mechanical (Rotary) Common Questions -6

EPC-School 2012

M for Mechanical  


Topic - Bearings


  1. What are the different types of bearings used for rotating machines?
  2. What are thrust bearings?
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Mechanical (Rotary) Common Questions -5

EPC-School 2012

M for Mechanical 


Topic - Lubrication


1. What are the main functions of lubrication?
2. What can be the reasons for rise in lubrication temperature?
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Mechanical (Rotary) Common Questions -4

EPC-School 2012

M for Mechanical  


Topic - Fans


1. What are fans, blowers and what are exausters?
2. What is the difference between ID and FD fans and what are its advantages and disadvantages?
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Thursday, July 12, 2012

 

Mechanical (Rotary) Common Questions -3

EPC-School 2012

M for Mechanical 

Topic - Turbine


1. Name at least three types of machines where steam turbines are used as drivers.
2. What are the advantages / disadvantages of steam turbine over a motor drive?
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Wednesday, July 11, 2012

 

Mechanical (Rotary) Common Questions -2

EPC-School 2012

M for Mechanical


Topic - Compressor


1. What is the working principle of rotodynamic/ positive displacement compressors?
2. What are isothermal, adiabatic and polytropic compression processes?
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Tuesday, July 10, 2012

 

Mechanical (Rotary) Common Questions -1

EPC-School 2012

M for Mechanical



Topic - PUMPS, SEALS

1. What is the operating principle of rotodynamic vs positive displacement pump?
2. What is ‘head’ of a pump?
3. Why are wear rings used?
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Sunday, July 8, 2012

 

Flow Measurement - 4

EPC-School 2012

I for Instrumentation

Ultra Sound Flow Meter


Ultrasonic flow meters can be used on wide range of fluids, i.e. liquids, gases and steam. The “transit –time” or “time-of-flight” meters are basically “time-difference” meters, as they are based on time difference measurement of acoustic waves that are transmitted in opposite directions through the flow. The time difference is directly proportional to flow rate.
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